Fertility FAQs
Infertility is described as the inability to achieve a successful pregnancy within 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse, or within 6 months for women who are aged 35 or older.1
Roughly, one third of infertility cases can be attributed to male factors and one third to female factors. A combination of both male and female factors, as well as unexplained infertility, make up the other third.2
IVF is a common type of fertility treatment used to treat infertility. It involves the fertilisation of an egg with sperm in a laboratory.4
Criteria for NHS-funded IVF is determined by local integrated care systems (ICSs). These can include5:
- not having any children already, from both your current and any previous relationships
- being a healthy weight
- not smoking
- falling into a certain age range
Although NICE recommend for up to three cycles of IVF to be offered on the NHS, some ICSs only offer one cycle, or only offer NHS-funded IVF in exceptional circumstances.5
Speak with your doctor or contact your local ICSs for more information on the specific eligibility criteria in your area.
Fertility treatment can have an impact on both your physical and emotional wellbeing, with many patients describing the process as one of the most stressful life events to experience.6 It is therefore important to look after your wellbeing throughout your fertility journey.
Studies have demonstrated the positive impact of coping strategies and psychosocial interventions on managing feelings of stress and anxiety.7,8 Additionally, your fertility clinic should offer you counselling during your treatment which has been shown to directly benefit patients’ well-being.9
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Infertility. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/infertility/index.htm [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. What is infertility and what are its causes? Available at: https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/menshealth/conditioninfo/infertility [Last accessed: April 2022].
- National Health Service. Diagnosis: Infertility. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/infertility/diagnosis/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health (UK). Fertility: Assessment and Treatment for People with Fertility Problems. London: Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists; 2013. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK247932/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- National Health Service. IVF: Availability. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/availability/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Society For Assisted Reproductive Technology. Preparing for IVF: Emotional Considerations. Available at: https://www.sart.org/patients/a-patients-guide-to-assisted-reproductive-technology/general-information/preparing-for-ivf-emotional-considerations [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Boivin J. A review of psychosocial interventions in fertility. Social Science & Medicine 2003;57:2325-2341. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14572840/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- de Liz TM, Strauss B. Differential efficacy of group and individual/couple psychotherapy with infertile patients. Human Reproduction 2005;20:1324-1332. Available at: https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/20/5/1324/2356650 [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Thia EWH, Vo Thanh LA, Loh SKE. Study on psychosocial aspects and support of in vitro fertilisation programme in an Asian population. Singapore Medical Journal 2007;48:61-68. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17245518/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Dağ ZÖ, Dilbaz B. Impact of obesity on infertility in women. Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 2015;16:111-117. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4456969/ [Last accessed: April 2022].
- Panth N, Gavarkovs A, Tamez M, Mattei J. The Influence of Diet on Fertility and the Implications for Public Health Nutrition in the United States. Frontiers in Public Health 2018;6. Available at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00211/full [Last accessed: April 2022].